Installing Percona Server for MySQL on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and CentOS

Installing Percona Server for MySQL on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and CentOS

Ready-to-use packages are available from the Percona Server for MySQL software repositories and the download page. The Percona yum repository supports popular RPM-based operating systems, including the Amazon Linux AMI.

The easiest way to install the Percona Yum repository is to install an RPM that configures yum and installs the Percona GPG key.

Specific information on the supported platforms, products, and versions are described in Percona Software and Platform Lifecycle.

What’s in each RPM package?

Each of the Percona Server for MySQL RPM packages have a particular purpose.

The Percona-Server-server-56 package contains the server itself (the mysqld binary).

The Percona-Server-56-debuginfo package contains debug symbols for the server.

The Percona-Server-client-56 package contains the command line client.

The Percona-Server-devel-56 package contains the header files needed to compile software using the client library.

The Percona-Server-shared-56 package includes the client shared library.

The Percona-Server-shared-compat package includes shared libraries for software compiled against old versions of the client library. Following libraries are included in this package: libmysqlclient.so.12, libmysqlclient.so.14, libmysqlclient.so.15, and libmysqlclient.so.16.

The Percona-Server-test-56 package includes the test suite for Percona Server for MySQL.

Installing Percona Server for MySQL from Percona yum repository

  1. Install the Percona repository

    You can install Percona yum repository by running the following command as a root user or with sudo:

    $ yum install https://repo.percona.com/yum/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm

    Output example

    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-6bcbFR/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm: percona-release-1.0-15.noarch
Marking /var/tmp/yum-root-6bcbFR/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package percona-release.noarch 0:1.0-15 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package            Arch      Version   Repository                         Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 percona-release    noarch    1.0-15    /percona-release-latest.noarch     21 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 21 k
Installed size: 21 k

    To install Percona Server for MySQL with SELinux policies, you also need the Percona-Server-selinux-*.noarch.rpm package:

    $ yum install http://repo.percona.com/centos/7/RPMS/x86_64/Percona-Server-selinux-56-5.6.42-rel84.2.el7.noarch.rpm

  2. Testing the repository

    Make sure packages are now available from the repository, by executing the following command:

    yum list | grep percona

    You should see output similar to the following:

    ...
Percona-Server-56-debuginfo.x86_64          5.6.25-rel73.1.el6           @percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-client-56.x86_64             5.6.25-rel73.1.el6           @percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-devel-56.x86_64              5.6.25-rel73.1.el6           @percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64             5.6.25-rel73.1.el6           @percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-shared-56.x86_64             5.6.25-rel73.1.el6           @percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-test-56.x86_64               5.6.25-rel73.1.el6           @percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-shared-compat.x86_64         5.1.68-rel14.6.551.rhel6     percona-release-x86_64
...

  3. Install the packages

    You can now install Percona Server for MySQL by running:

    yum install Percona-Server-server-56

Percona yum Testing repository

Percona offers pre-release builds from our testing repository. To subscribe to the testing repository, you’ll need to enable the testing repository in /etc/yum.repos.d/percona-release.repo. To do so, set both percona-testing-$basearch and percona-testing-noarch to enabled = 1 (Note that there are 3 sections in this file: release, testing and experimental - in this case it is the second section that requires updating). NOTE: You’ll need to install the Percona repository first (ref above) if this hasn’t been done already.

Installing Percona Server for MySQL using downloaded rpm packages

  1. Download the packages of the desired series for your architecture from the download page. The easiest way is to download bundle which contains all the packages. Following example will download Percona Server for MySQL 5.6.25-73.1 release packages for CentOS 6:

    wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-Server-5.6/Percona-Server-5.6.25-73.1/binary/redhat/6/x86_64/Percona-Server-5.6.25-73.1-r07b797f-el6-x86_64-bundle.tar

  2. You should then unpack the bundle to get the packages:

    tar xvf Percona-Server-5.6.25-73.1-r07b797f-el6-x86_64-bundle.tar

    After you unpack the bundle you should see the following packages:

    $ ls *.rpm

Percona-Server-56-debuginfo-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-Server-client-56-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-Server-devel-56-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-Server-server-56-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-Server-shared-56-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-Server-test-56-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

  3. Now you can install Percona Server for MySQL by running:

    rpm -ivh Percona-Server-server-56-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
Percona-Server-client-56-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
Percona-Server-shared-56-5.6.25-rel73.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

This will install only packages required to run the Percona Server for MySQL. To install all the packages (for debugging, testing, etc.) you should run:

$ rpm -ivh *.rpm

Note

When installing packages manually like this, you’ll need to make sure to resolve all the dependencies and install missing packages yourself.

Install an Older Version of Percona Server for MySQL

A DBA may require the same MySQL version for all installed database instances. The required version may not be the most recent one. The following methods may be used to install an required version:

  • Download the specific version packages and install the packages manually
  • Create a custom local repository mirror and upgrade from that mirror with yum
  • Connect to a cloud instance with the required database and software
  • Point the default package-management utility to a specific version

Add the Percona repository . To verify, run the following yum command:

$ yum -q list available --showduplicates Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64

Output example

The query result has been edited for clarity:

Available Packages
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64   5.6.20-rel68.0.el7      percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64   5.6.21-rel69.0.el7      percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64   5.6.21-rel70.0.el7      percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64   5.6.21-rel70.1.el7      percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64   5.6.22-rel71.0.el7      percona-release-x86_64
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64   5.6.22-rel72.0.el7      percona-release-x86_64
...
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64   5.6.37-rel82.2.el7      percona-release-x86_64
...

Use yum to install an older version. You must rearrange the package name to list the package, version, and CPU family. Remove the ”.x86_64” suffix from the package name.

For example, with Percona-Server 5.6.37, the name for the server in the package repository is:

Repository Name CPU Family
Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64 5.6.37-rel82.2.el7

For installation, convert the package name to the following:

Percona-Server-server-56-5.6.37-rel82.2.el7

The following code installs the 5.6.37 version:

$ yum -q install Percona-Server-server-56-5.6.37-rel82.2.el7
Percona-Server-client-56-5.6.37-rel82.el7 Percona-Server-shared-56-5.6.37-rel82.2.el7

Output example

The results are the following:

============================================================================================================================================
 Package                                Arch                 Version                             Repository                            Size
============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 Percona-Server-client-56               x86_64               5.6.37-rel82.2.el7                  percona-release-x86_64               5.6 M
 Percona-Server-server-56               x86_64               5.6.37-rel82.2.el7                  percona-release-x86_64                18 M
 Percona-Server-shared-56               x86_64               5.6.37-rel82.2.el7                  percona-release-x86_64               618 k
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.64-1.el7

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================
Install  3 Packages

Is this ok [y/d/N]:

After you have installed the version, if you must revert to an earlier version, you can use Yum to also do that:

$ yum -q downgrade Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64
Percona-Server-client-56.x86_64 Percona-Server-sharing-56.x86_64

============================================================================================================================================
Package                                Arch                 Version                             Repository                            size
============================================================================================================================================
Downgrading:
 Percona-Server-client-56               x86_64               5.6.36-rel82.1.el7                  percona-release-x86_64               5.7 M
 Percona-Server-server-56               x86_64               5.6.36-rel82.1.el7                  percona-release-x86_64                18 M

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================
Downgrade  2 Packages

Is this ok [y/d/N]:

You can also downgrade to specific older version. In this example, you are downgrading to the 5.6.30 version. Run the following command:

$ yum -q downgrade Percona-Server-server-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7
Percona-Server-client-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7 Percona-Server-sharing-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7

============================================================================================================================================
 Package                                Arch                 Version                             Repository                            Size
============================================================================================================================================
Downgrading:
 Percona-Server-client-56               x86_64               5.6.30-rel76.3.el7                  percona-release-x86_64               5.6 M
 Percona-Server-server-56               x86_64               5.6.30-rel76.3.el7                  percona-release-x86_64                18 M

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================
Downgrade  2 Packages

Is this ok [y/d/N]:

You can also use the Yum shell to install versions. The advantage of this method is a version is removed and a different version is installed in a single YUM transaction instead of manually downloading and installing each package. The transaction also does not break any package dependencies when you uninstall one version and install another.

$ yum shell
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
> remove Percona-Server-shared-56 Percona-Server-client-56 Percona-Server-server-56
> install Percona-Server-server-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7 Percona-Server-client-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7 Percona-Server-shared-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.raystedman.org
 * epel: fedora-epel.mirror.lstn.net
 * extras: mirrors.raystedman.org
 * updates: mirrors.raystedman.org
> run
--> Running transaction check
---> Package Percona-Server-client-56.x86_64 0:5.6.30-rel76.3.el7 will be installed
---> Package Percona-Server-client-56.x86_64 0:5.6.37-rel82.2.el7 will be erased
---> Package Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64 0:5.6.30-rel76.3.el7 will be installed
---> Package Percona-Server-server-56.x86_64 0:5.6.37-rel82.2.el7 will be erased
---> Package Percona-Server-shared-56.x86_64 0:5.6.30-rel76.3.el7 will be installed
---> Package Percona-Server-shared-56.x86_64 0:5.6.37-rel82.2.el7 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

============================================================================================================================================
 Package                                Arch                 Version                            Repository                             Size
============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 Percona-Server-client-56               x86_64               5.6.30-rel76.3.el7                 percona-release-x86_64                5.6 M
 Percona-Server-server-56               x86_64               5.6.30-rel76.3.el7                 percona-release-x86_64                 18 M
 Percona-Server-shared-56               x86_64               5.6.30-rel76.3.el7                 percona-release-x86_64                619 k
Removing:
 Percona-Server-client-56               x86_64               5.6.37-rel82.2.el7                 @percona-release-x86_64                33 M
 Percona-Server-server-56               x86_64               5.6.37-rel82.2.el7                 @percona-release-x86_64                88 M
 Percona-Server-shared-56               x86_64               5.6.37-rel82.2.el7                 @percona-release-x86_64               3.4 M

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================
Install  3 Packages
Remove   3 Packages

Total download size: 24 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]:

When you run package update, you can prevent an inadvertant set of updates to the latest version. You must have yum-plugin-versionlock installed and you can lock the packages to a specific version.

$ yum versionlock Percona-Server-server-56 Percona-Server-client-56 Percona-Server-shared-56
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, versionlock
Adding versionlock on: 0:Percona-Server-server-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7
Adding versionlock on: 0:Percona-Server-client-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7
Adding versionlock on: 0:Percona-Server-shared-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7
versionlock added: 3
$ yum update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, versionlock
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.raystedman.org
 * epel: pubmirror1.math.uh.edu
 * extras: mirrors.raystedman.org
 * updates: mirrors.raystedman.org
Excluding 3 updates due to versionlock (use "yum versionlock status" to show them)
No packages marked for update
$ yum -q versionlock list
0:Percona-Server-server-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7.*
0:Percona-Server-client-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7.*
0:Percona-Server-shared-56-5.6.30-rel76.3.el7.*

To update the packages to a different version, run the following command to unlock the versions before you run update:

$ yum versionlock clear

Note

The command can clear all version locks or a specific version lock.

Files Location
mysqld server /usr/bin
Configuration /etc/my.cnf
Data directory /var/lib/mysql
Logs /var/log/mysqld.log

You can use the following command to locate the Data directory:

grep datadir /etc/my.cnf

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

Running Percona Server for MySQL

Percona Server for MySQL stores the data files in /var/lib/mysql/ by default. You can find the configuration file that is used to manage Percona Server for MySQL in /etc/my.cnf.

  1. Starting the service

    Percona Server for MySQL does not start automatically on RHEL and CentOS after the installation. You should start the server by running:

    service mysql start

  2. Confirming that service is running

    You can check the service status by running:

    service mysql status

  3. Stopping the service

    You can stop the service by running:

    service mysql stop

  4. Restarting the service

    You can restart the service by running:

    service mysql restart

Note

RHEL 7 and CentOS 7 come with systemd as the default system and service manager so you can invoke all the above commands with sytemctl instead of service. Currently both are supported.

Uninstalling Percona Server for MySQL

To completely uninstall Percona Server for MySQL you’ll need to remove all the installed packages and data files.

  1. Stop the Percona Server for MySQL service

    service mysql stop

  2. Remove the packages

    yum remove Percona-Server*

  3. Remove the data and configuration files

    rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
rm -f /etc/my.cnf

Warning

This will remove all the packages and delete all the data files (databases, tables, logs, etc.), you might want to take a backup before doing this in case you need the data.

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